THE ASIAN BULLETIN OF ONLINE EDUCATION AND E-LEARNING

An unexplored Nexus of Political freedom, Economic Growth, Economic conditions and CO2 emission in Asian Country

Naveed Jan — Fri, 10 Dec 2021 00:00:00 +0000

The promotion of sustainable environmental development is at the forefront of world leaders' policy agendas. The human race is currently confronted with a formidable challenge in the form of a global environmental issue. In each nation, political institutions are responsible for formulating and implementing policy agendas. This study's objective is to examine the relationship between the current state of political institutions, environmental emissions, and development indicators, taking into account the impact of diverse economic conditions such as a free economy, a fluctuating economy, a degraded economy, and an improved economy. Over the course of twenty-four years, from 1998 to 2021, information for this study was collected from ten different ASEAN nations. The panel data methodology is utilized in order to answer the research question. Estimates that account for fixed effects indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between economic growth and CO2 emissions. It is also evident that CO2 emission levels are higher in Asean economies that are more volatile, such as Indonesia and Thailand, while they are lower in economies that have improved, such as Singapore. This is one of the earliest studies conducted on the subject at hand. This study's findings will serve as a guide for implementing environmental policy

Does Political Stability Matter for Foreign Direct Investment in Eurasian countries? Examining the Role of the Business Environment and Macroeconomic Variables

Sadia Jabeen — Tue, 14 Dec 2021 00:00:00 +0000

In recent years, developing countries have placed a strong emphasis on attracting foreign direct investment (FDI), which is ostensibly regarded as the most important external resource for increasing industrial activity and real income growth. Indeed, the subsequent benefits of FDI, one of which is increased economic growth in developing countries, have been widely acknowledged. As a result, the goal of this study was to look into the impact of foreign macroeconomic factors, political instability, and the business environment on foreign direct investment in Eurasia countries. Many developing countries have softened their stances on foreign direct investment (FDI) in the hopes of luring more of this kind of investment and thereby bolstering their economies. This is due to the fact that there are many benefits to utilizing foreign capital during the expansion process. The panel data method was used to analyse information gathered from ten different Eurasia countries over a twenty-six-year period, from 1996 to 2021. The study's findings support the predicted outcomes of the hypothesized research. This study is one of the few in Eurasia countries that can be considered a pioneering study on the subject. This study will help policymakers and researchers understand the relationship between macroeconomic risk, political instability, the business environment, and foreign direct investment.

Corruption, Environmental Quality, Energy Consumption, and Economic Growth in Asean Countries

Waeibrorheem Waemustafa — Fri, 17 Dec 2021 00:00:00 +0000

The current study is carried out to explore the link between Corruption, Environment quality. Energy consumption and economic growth in selected Asean countries. In addition to that, the present study aims to highlight the direct impacts of corruption upon environmental degradation, energy consumption, and economic progress. For this purpose, the analytical framework has been particularly used. Theoretically, environmental quality is expected to be directly influenced by corruption using taxation and regulations, while corruption affects economic growth which in turn affects the quality of environment. Therefore, economic growth is negatively influenced by the levels of corruptions. The higher the levels of corruption the lower will be the GDP level of an economy. This lower GDP level then influences the environmental quality, and thus confirms the EKC hypothesis. This paper has employed cointegration model for analyzing the association between environmental quality, energy consumption, corruption, and economic growth for the data involving 5 ASEAN countries i.e. Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, Philippines, and Indonesia for the years 1960-2021. The literature review has shown no empirical study that have employed cointegration model for examining the effects of corruption on energy consumption, environmental quality, and economic growth. The findings of the study are in line with the proposed hypothesis. The study which is among the pioneering studies will be helpful for policymakers and researchers

A STUDY ON FINANCIAL LITERACY, INVESTORS’ SENTIMENT, AND FINANCING DECISIONS WITH THE MODERATING ROLE OF INVESTORS’ EXPERIENCE: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN

Afshan Ali — Sun, 19 Dec 2021 00:00:00 +0000

This study is unique to explore the impact of investor sentiments and financial literacy on the investment decision of investors with the moderating role of experience. In this relationship, the age and education of the investors are taken as control variables for getting efficient results. Therefore, empirical research is conducted to understand the behavioral pattern of individuals which can stabilize their investment decisions in an emerging market context such as Pakistan. In this study, we incorporate the theoretical perspective of cogitative psychology with investment decisions. For this purpose, three hypotheses are drawn to analyze investor sentiments, financial literacy, investor experience, and investment decision-making by collecting investing data from 100 investors in Pakistan. SPSS 23.0 is used to compile analysis results by applying different techniques such as Factor Analysis, Simple & Multiple Regression, and moderating techniques. The outcomes of the study explain that H1 is accepted, which explores that there is a positive relationship between financial investment and investment decision. Similarly, H2 is also accepted and reports that there is a direct association between investor sentiments and investment decisions. In addition, H3 significantly presents that there is partial moderation in the connection between investor sentiment and investment decision while embraces full moderation in the relationship between financial literacy and investment decision.

Systemic Risk and Tail risk of Fintech firms during COvid-19: A Case of Southeast Asian economy

Mohammed Khalifa Abdelsalam — Tue, 28 Dec 2021 00:00:00 +0000

The primary objective of this study is to contrast the tail risk that is encountered by Thai financial technology companies with the systemic risk that is encountered by financial technology companies in Thailand. During the COVID-19 outbreak, it was also investigated how the effects of tail risk and systemic risk affected Thailand's financial technology businesses. During COVID-19, the number of individuals using financial applications online surged drastically, giving clear proof of the sector's stratospheric ascent. During the same time period, the number of people using cryptocurrency apps increased dramatically. This is the first study of its sort, and it analyzes how tail risk, systemic risk, and fintech interact with one another using data from a sample that is typical of the Thai economy. The financial technology sector is the primary focus of our study. December 2019 and February 2022 will be used as the computation periods for the data of the fintech companies. Fintech businesses in Thailand look through the theoretical lens provided by the extreme value theory when calculating the tail risk of their portfolios. The fall in the value of technology businesses has given rise to the idea of establishing a significant number of financial technology companies located in Thailand. A lengthier and more widespread dispersion is consistent with an exponential growth of fintech businesses in Thailand during the course of the COVID-19 time period. There are a few businesses in our sample that have very short tails, which suggests that they are much too susceptible to unfavorable occurrences during COVID-19. The results indicate that the global technology index during COVID-19 is reliant on the systemic risk posed by Fintech. It's possible that these outcomes might be attributed to the large growth in customer bases seen by FinTech businesses during COVID-19. Fintech companies in Thailand saw significant growth during the epidemic of swine flu. The current research is among the first of its type when it comes to grasping the issues of tail risk and systemic risk in fintech enterprises in Thailand. This is excellent news for policymakers, financial experts, and academics, as it paves the way for a better understanding of these issues